Volume 50, Number 1, December 2003:
A Toxicology Primer for Student Inquiry: Biological Smoke Detectors

Text-only version

ISSUE HOME PAGE

ABOUT THIS ISSUE
- about KSN
- about the author
- acknowledgements

IN THIS ISSUE
- disclaimer, objectives
- "biological smoke detectors"
- purpose of invertebrate toxicity testing
- lethal and sublethal effects
- some wormy ideas for toxicity testing
- sublethal chemical effects in lumbriculus
- selecting the chemical(s)
- safety
- exposure methods
- preliminary experiments and concentration range-finding
- final stages of toxicity testing
- typical equipment and supplies
- other organisms, other ideas
- obtaining background information
- references
- glossary of toxicological terms

A Toxicology Primer for Student Inquiry:
Biological Smoke Detectors
by Charles Drewes

REFERENCES

Drewes, C.D. 1996a. Head or tails? Patterns of segmental regeneration in a freshwater oligochaete, Tested Studies for Laboratory Teaching, Volume 17, Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), New Haven, CT, pp. 23–34.

Drewes, C.D.  1996b.  Those wonderful worms.  Carolina Tips Vol. 59, pp. 17–20.

Drewes, C.D. 1997. Sublethal effects of environmental toxicants on oligochaete escape reflexes,  American Zoologist  Vol. 37, pp. 346-353.

Drewes, C.D. 1999.  Helical swimming and body reversal behaviors in Lumbriculus variegatus (Family Lumbriculidae), Hydrobiologia (in press).

Drewes, C.D. & Cain, K.  1999. As the worm turns, American Biology Teacher Vol. 61 (In press).   

Hodgson, E. & Levi, P.E. 1997. A Textbook of Modern Toxicology, 2nd Ed., Appleton and Lange, Stamford, CT,  496 pp.   

Kamrin, M.A. 1988. Toxicology: A Primer of Toxicology Principles and Applications, Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI., 145 pp.

Karr, L.L., C.D. Drewes & Coats, J.R. 1990. Toxic effects of d-limonene in the earthworm, Eisenia foetida (Savigny), Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Vol. 36, pp. 175-186.

Lesiuk, N. & Drewes, C.D. 1999. Blackworms, blood pulsations, and drug effects. American Biology Teacher Vol. 61, pp. 48-53.  

National Research Council. 1991. Animals as Sentinels of Environmental Health Hazards, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 160 pp.

Ottoboni, M.A. 1997. The Dose Makes the Poison: A Plain Language Guide to Toxicology, 2nd Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY, 244 pp.

Rogge, R. & C.D. Drewes. 1993. Assessing sublethal neurotoxicity effects in the freshwater oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus,  Aquatic Toxicology  Vol. 26, pp. 73-90.

Viccellio, P. (Ed.) 1993. Handbook of Medical Toxicology, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, MA, 812 pp. 

Ware, G.W. 1996. Complete Guide to Pest Control–With and Without Chemicals, Thomson Publications, Fresno, CA., 388 pp.