All mineral deposits, including those
rich in silver, platinum and gold, can be found on or in the rocks
that make up most of the earth's crust. The Earth was formed some 4.5 billion years ago,
which is believed to be the same time that many of the native elements
would have been formed. These precious metals were formed deep within the Earth. They traveled toward the surface by way of hydrothermal solutions, separating them from deep seated magma. The hydrothermal solutions were moved into areas of lower temperature and pressure, forced into cracks, natural openings, and fissures
in the rocks. The fluid would eventually harden into granite or other igneous rocks. While
this was taking place, the hydrothermal solutions were concentrating and segregating minerals.
Platinum and gold, the noble metals, are among the relatively small number of metals that are commonly found in their native or pure state. Silver is often found in combination with other minerals, such as gold, sulfur and chlorine. Gold makes up only about 3.5 parts per billion of the Earth's crust, platinum makes up about 45 parts per billion and silver makes up about 73 parts per billion. So it is obvious that these metals are not easy to find. Gold's density is 11 ounces per cubic inch, only certain members of the platinum family can exceed this. Silver is second to gold with a density of 6.25 ounces per cubic inch. Their tightly packed atomic structures make them heavy, strong and durable. This is what sets them apart from the other elements that help make up all earthly matter. These three metals are not only strong, durable and heavy, they possess a tenacity called malleability. This is the ability to be pounded into different shapes without breaking. They can also be stretched out into fine wires, which makes their ductile property also very convenient.
It is possible for us to extract these minerals from the earth and put them to use in our society. Early methods of mining were primitive, digging with hand tools, or sift through river sediment to extract the precious metals. Mining did and can damage the environment. The effect of the mining was simply not a concern and this attitude is still prevalent in some parts of the world. New technologies allow for a more efficient mining industry today and there is a growing concern for the environment worldwide. We should never take for granted what Earth has provided for us, and should always work to preserve and recycle resources. With global awareness and concerted efforts this planet will be around for future generations to enjoy!