What kinds of organisims live in bogs?

picture of bog to accompany text

Bogs are home to many different species that are unique to the habitat. (Alumäe, H, pers. com., 19/9/00) For example, the picture to the right shows sphagnum moss (the red substance), which flourishes in the bog environment, as well as other species of moss and grasses. These and small, shrub-like trees are the dominant forms of plant life due to the poor nutrient content of the soil. If you have a chance to visit a bog, you'll notice dragonflies, small insects, darting around everywhere. Also during the migratory periods, water fowl can be seen stopping to rest while on their journey. Bogs are a showcase for many species.

But the strange thing about bogs is that they look exactly the same no matter what part of the world you're in. Bogs in North America have the same make up as European bogs (albeit with some differences in tree species). Although there are many species in bogs, they are also limited by the harsh water and nutrient requirements of the area. They are adapted to grow in a specific environment and have no chance to evolve. Animals are also a part of the environment as well. However, animals can move, unlike plants, so many animals live in the forest surrounding the bog rather than directly in the bog. These areas are home to beavers, bear, moose, raccoon dog, and other smaller mammals in Estonia.